Who is Eligible, Page 7

Appendix II:

Other Adoption Assistance Programs

In addition to employer-provided benefits, those who adopt children with special needs are entitled to reimbursement from other sources.

State Reimbursement

A reimbursement for non-recurring adoption expenses (agency fees, legal costs, and transportation) is available through each State for families who adopt children with special needs. While the definition of special needs differs from State to State, generally it includes children who have physical, emotional, or mental disabilities; those who are older (usually older than 6, sometimes older than 8 or 10); two or more siblings placed together, and children from minority cultures. Half of the expenses are paid through State funds, the other half through federal funds up to $2,000. The benefit differs by State depending on the cost of the adoption, State rules, and public awareness. For example, California will pay only $400 no matter what the cost of the adoption is, while Oregon has done an extensive advertising campaign to encourage the public to take advantage of its fund. The average amount of money given to an Oregon adoptive family through this program is $669.

Military Subsidies

Military families are entitled to a reimbursement of adoption costs up to $2,000 through the Defense Authorization Bill of 1991. The law provides payment for most adoption-related expenses for infant, international, and special needs placements, although travel expenses are not included. There are bills presently in Congress that would provide the same benefit for all Federal Government employees, but as of April, 1992 they have not yet been approved.

Tax Benefits

At one time, there was a tax benefit for people adopting children with special needs. However, this tax break was repealed by the Tax Recovery Act of 1986. Over the years, various bills have been proposed that would allow a specific dollar amount as a deduction for different types of adoptions. None has yet passed. Contact the coordinator of legislative affairs at Adoptive Families of America (612-535-4829) for the current status of any legislation in this area.

Credits: Child Welfare Information Gateway (http://www.childwelfare.gov)